Elections (How it's supposed to be)
In both direct and indirect elections, the number of candidates must exceed the number of delegates to be elected and the elections must be competitive. In an indirect election, the number of candidates should exceed the number to be elected by 20% to 50%.
(See Participation. It tells about the reality of the voting process.)
DIRECT ELECTIONS
Direct election means voters directly elect deputies to the people’s congresses by casting their votes.
Steps:
(1) Naming the candidates
Candidates for deputies to the people’s congresses of the county and township levels are all nominated according to constituencies.
Can be nominated jointly or independently by:
(2) Casting the ballot
The Election Committee presides over the casting of ballots.
There are voting booths designated for elections.
Voters obtain ballots by presenting their ID cards or voter’s cards.
Before ballot casting, the staff in charge of the election will count up the number of voters, examine the ballot box in front of voters and have the voters choose who will supervise ballot casting and help to tally the votes.
More than half of the constituents must cast their votes in order for the election to follow through. The election has to be held another time less than half cast votes.
(3) Counting the votes
The voting supervisors tally the votes. The number must be more than have of the constituents who voted. Also, the ballot cast can't be more than the number of deputies to be elected.
(4) The election of candidates
A candidate wins the election when he or she receives more than half of the votes cast.
In a direct election, the number of candidates should exceed the number to be elected by one-third to 100%.
When there is a tie, they will stand for another voting and the one with more votes wins the election.
(6) By-election
By-elections are put in place to fill vacancies.
For example:
INDIRECT ELECTIONS
Indirect election means deputies to the people’s congresses at the next higher level are elected by deputies to the people’s congresses at the next lower level.
Indirect elections are applicable to:
(1) Nominating the candidates
In indirect elections, candidates are nominated according to election units.
Similar to direct elections, candidates may be nominated by:
(2) Confirming the candidacy
The number of candidates should follow along the legally prescribed ratio of a competitive election.
(3) Introduction of the candidates
Political parties, mass organizations and deputies who recommended the candidates can introduce the candidates they nominate at deputy’s group meetings, but the introductions must stop on the day of voting.
(4) Casting the ballot
Presidiums of people’s congresses will watch over the voting. Voting can only start when more than half of the deputies are there at the voting area.
(5) Counting of the votes and declaration of election results
When the casting of ballots is finished, voting supervisors, vote counters and working personnel of the presidiums will check the numbers of voters and votes.If approved, they will make a record that is signed by the voting supervisors.
(6) By-election
By-elections take place to fill vacancies.
Examples:
(See Participation. It tells about the reality of the voting process.)
DIRECT ELECTIONS
Direct election means voters directly elect deputies to the people’s congresses by casting their votes.
Steps:
(1) Naming the candidates
Candidates for deputies to the people’s congresses of the county and township levels are all nominated according to constituencies.
Can be nominated jointly or independently by:
- Political Parties
- Mass Organizations or
- More than ten voters
(2) Casting the ballot
The Election Committee presides over the casting of ballots.
There are voting booths designated for elections.
Voters obtain ballots by presenting their ID cards or voter’s cards.
Before ballot casting, the staff in charge of the election will count up the number of voters, examine the ballot box in front of voters and have the voters choose who will supervise ballot casting and help to tally the votes.
More than half of the constituents must cast their votes in order for the election to follow through. The election has to be held another time less than half cast votes.
(3) Counting the votes
The voting supervisors tally the votes. The number must be more than have of the constituents who voted. Also, the ballot cast can't be more than the number of deputies to be elected.
(4) The election of candidates
A candidate wins the election when he or she receives more than half of the votes cast.
In a direct election, the number of candidates should exceed the number to be elected by one-third to 100%.
When there is a tie, they will stand for another voting and the one with more votes wins the election.
(6) By-election
By-elections are put in place to fill vacancies.
For example:
- When the post of a deputy falls vacant during his or her term of service
- When a deputy is suspended of his or her qualification as a deputy
INDIRECT ELECTIONS
Indirect election means deputies to the people’s congresses at the next higher level are elected by deputies to the people’s congresses at the next lower level.
Indirect elections are applicable to:
- The election of deputies to people’s congresses above the county level
- Deputies among the armed forces at the same level and
- Deputies to the NPC elected from special administrative regions.
(1) Nominating the candidates
In indirect elections, candidates are nominated according to election units.
Similar to direct elections, candidates may be nominated by:
- Political parties
- Mass organizations jointly or independently or
- By more than ten deputies.
(2) Confirming the candidacy
The number of candidates should follow along the legally prescribed ratio of a competitive election.
- If it does not, there will be a pre-election.
(3) Introduction of the candidates
Political parties, mass organizations and deputies who recommended the candidates can introduce the candidates they nominate at deputy’s group meetings, but the introductions must stop on the day of voting.
(4) Casting the ballot
Presidiums of people’s congresses will watch over the voting. Voting can only start when more than half of the deputies are there at the voting area.
(5) Counting of the votes and declaration of election results
When the casting of ballots is finished, voting supervisors, vote counters and working personnel of the presidiums will check the numbers of voters and votes.If approved, they will make a record that is signed by the voting supervisors.
(6) By-election
By-elections take place to fill vacancies.
Examples:
- When the posts of deputies fall vacant or
- The qualifications of deputies are annulled